en
How vaccines work
ga
Comhábhair vacsaíne
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How vaccines work
Comhábhair vacsaíne
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Freagairt imdhíonachta
This is called the antigen .
Antaigin 2 .
Each virus and bacterium triggers a unique response in the immune system involving a specific set of cells in the blood , in the bone marrow and all over the body , called T-cells , B-cells , among others .
Tá foirm an-lag nó díghníomhachtaithe ( maraithe ) de víreas nó baictéar is cúis le galar de ghnáth , nó cuid bheag den víreas nó den bhaictéar ann i vacsaín .
A vaccine stimulates an immune response , and a ‘ memory ' of the body to a specific disease , without causing the disease .
Déanann vacsaín freagairt imdhíonachta a spreagadh , agus spreagann cuimhne an choirp ar ghalar ar leith , gan an galar sin a theacht air .
Later , if the person comes into contact with the actual infectious virus or bacterium , their immune system will ‘ remember ' it .
Ní fhéadfadh an ‘ chomh-imdhíonacht ' seo oibriú ach amháin má tá go leor daoine vacsaínithe .
The immune cells are trained to kill and make antibodies against the disease-causing agent .
Tá na cealla imdhíonachta oilte leis an oibreán is cúis le galar a mharú agus antasubstaintí a dhéanamh ina aghaidh .
Antibodies are special proteins that help kill the infectious agent .
Tugtar an antaigin air sin .
When a person is given the vaccine , their immune system recognises the antigen as ‘ foreign ' .
Tá éagsúlacht ar an bhfad ama de réir galair agus vacsaíne .
The length of time varies by disease and by vaccine .
An dóigh a n-oibríonn vacsaíní