Map from William Robert Shepherd's Historical Atlas, showing the Balkans in ca. 1265, with Thessaly in dark blue, labelled "P. of Wallachian Thessaly"
Mapa di Atlaslu di isturie al William Robert Shepherd, iu s-veade Balcanlu tu tsirca anlu 1265, iu Thesalia easte tu njirla, cu inscriptsia "P. of Wallachian Thessaly"
Great Vlachia or Great Wallachia (Aromanian: Vlãhia Mari; Greek: Μεγάλη Βλαχία, romanized: Megálē Vlachía), also simply known as Vlachia (Aromanian: Vlãhia; Greek: Βλαχία, romanized: Vlachía), was a province and region in southeastern Thessaly in the late 12th century, and was used to denote the entire region of Thessaly in the 13th and 14th centuries.
Vlãhia Mare icã Valahia Mare(armãneashce: Vlãhia Mari; gãrtseashce: Μεγάλη Βλαχία, cu yrame latine: Megálē Vlachía), idhyia-ashi cunuscutã ca Vlachia (armãneashce: Vlãhia; gãrtseashce: Βλαχία, cu yrame latine: Vlachía), ira unã provintsia shi reghion tu Tesalia tu bitisita a secului daosprã shi s-uthilizea ti reghionlu tut ali Tesalie tu seculile treisprã shi pasprã.
The name derives from the Vlachs (Aromanians), who had lived across much of the area.
Numa yine di Armãnjlji (gãrts. Vlahi) cai bãna piste nai ma mare parte di teritoria ali Vlahii.
References
Referentsi
Sources
Fãntãne
External links
Linkuri di nãfoarã
Koukoudis, Asterios - Great Wallachia and the Byzantine commonwealth (Η Μεγάλη Βλαχία κι η βυζαντινή κοινοπολιτεία) (in Greek)
Koukoudis, Asterios - Great Wallachia and the Byzantine commonwealth (Η Μεγάλη Βλαχία κι η βυζαντινή κοινοπολιτεία) (pi gãrtseashce)
Name
Numa
The name derives from the Aromanians or Vlachs, a chiefly transhumant ethnic group that lives in several mountainous areas of the Balkans, descended from ancient Romance-speaking populations mixed with the people from the Barbarian Invasions of Late Antiquity.[1] In the broadest sense, both Greek and Western sources of the later Middle Ages—like the French, Italian, and Aragonese versions of the Chronicle of the Morea, or the chroniclers Ramon Muntaner and Marino Sanudo Torsello—used "Vlachia" or similar names (Blaquie, Blaquia, Val[l]achia) to refer to all of Thessaly, from the Pindus mountains in the west to the Aegean Sea in the east, and from the area of Mount Olympus and Servia in the north to the towns of Zetouni (Lamia) and Neopatras (Ypati) in the south.[2]
Numa yine dit Armãnjlji, grupa etnicã tsi bãneadzã pi muntsãlji a Balcanlui, tsi yin di populatsiile cai zburarã limba latinã tsi s-misticã cu populatsiile di invaziile barbaritse di tu bitisita a anticvitatiljei. Shi fãntãnile gãrtseshtsã shi di ascapitatã di bitisita a Evlui mediu - ca verziile frantsuzeshtsã, italicheshtsã shi aragonicheshtsã di Cronica di Morea, icã cronicearlji Ramon Muntaner shi Marino Sanudo Torsello - uthilizea zborlu "Vlãhia" icã nume alante (Blaquie, Blaquia, Val[l]achia) ta s-zburascã ti Tesalia tutã, dit muntsãlji Pindu tu ascapitatã pãnã la Amarea Eghea pi datã, sh-di teritoria a muntiljei Elimbu shi Servia pi aratsile pãnã la cãsãbadzlji Zetouni (Lamia) shi Neopatras (Ypati) la notlu.
Party of the Vlachs of Macedonia Партија на Власите од Македонија (Macedonian) Partia Armãnjilor ditu Machidunie (Aromanian) Abbreviation PVM Founded 2001 Headquarters Skopje Ideology Aromanian minority politics Politics of North Macedonia Political parties Elections
Party of the Vlachs of Macedonia Партија на Власите од Македонија (Macedonian) Partia Armãnjilor ditu Machidunie (Aromanian) Abbreviation PVM Founded 2001 Headquarters Skopje Ideology Aromanian minority politics Politics of North Macedonia Political parties Elections Format:Infobox political party
The Party of the Vlachs of Macedonia (PVM; Macedonian: Партија на Власите од Македонија, ПВМ; Aromanian: Partia Armãnjilor ditu Machidunie, PAM), sometimes simply referred to as the Party of the Vlachs or the Vlach Party[1] (Macedonian: Партијата на Власите; Aromanian: Partia Armãnjilor), is one of the two political parties in North Macedonia representative of the Aromanian minority of the country, the other being the Democratic Union of the Vlachs of Macedonia (DSVM).[2]
Partia Armanjilor dit Machidunie
Public holidays in North Macedonia
Iurtii publitsi tu Machedonie di Nord
References
Referentsã
Bust la Corcea, Albania, pentru Părintele-martir Haralambie Balamace, ucis de greci cu baionetele pentru că a slujit în română". ActiveNews (in Romanian). ↑ Alexander, Michael (3 April 2019). "Romania: Centenary anniversary of adopting the Gregorian calendar depicted on new silver coins".
1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 1 2 ↑ 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 1 2 ↑
The Aromanian National Day (Aromanian: Dzua Natsionalã a Armãnjilor) is the national day of the Aromanians, an ethnic group of the Balkans scattered in Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, North Macedonia, Romania and Serbia.
Dzua Natsionalã-a Armãnjlor easte dzua natsionalã-a popului armãnescu cai bãneadzã arãspãndit tu Arbinishie, Vurgãrie, Gãrtsie, Machedonie di Nord, Rumãnie shi Sãrbie.
It is normally celebrated by Aromanians from various countries in which they are native and also by the Aromanian diaspora, but many Aromanians of Greece do not acknowledge it.[1][2]
Nai ma multu sã-nsimneadzã tu staturle di iu sãntu Armãnjlji, ma di la diaspora-armãneascã. Multsã dit Armãnjlji dit Gãrtsie nu-u pricunoscu dzua-aistã.[1][2]
As Aromanian associations and organizations declared in 1991,[3][4] its day of observation is 23 May,[5][6][7][8][9] as this was the day in which it was announced that the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Abdul Hamid II had recognized the Ullah Millet ("Vlach Millet") for the Aromanians a day earlier on 22 May 1905.
Sutsãtsle shi organizatsiile armãneshci u-pricunuscurã tu anlu 1991,[1][2] ca dzuã pisimã tsi s-iurtuseascã pi 23 Mai,[3][4][5][6][7] cãtse pi-atsea dzuã Sultanlu-a Imperiiljei Otomanã Abdul Hamid II u-pricunuscu Ullah Millet ("Miletea armãneascã") ti Armãnjlji unã dzuã ninte - pi 22 Mai 1905.
This day for the announcement of its recognition may have been chosen because it coincided with the day of the anniversary of the Romanian Declaration of Independence at the time.[7] The creation of the Ullah Millet was achieved with the help of Romania and external powers, notably Austria-Hungary and the German Empire, and it granted the Aromanians the right to have their own churches and to have more autonomy over education.[8][9][7] Due to the importance of the recognition itself, the holiday is sometimes celebrated on 22 May instead.[1][2]
Dzuã ira pricunuscutã pi 23 di-ispetea cã ira shi dzua-a Indipendentsãljei ali Romãnii atumtsea.[5] Cu adrare-a miletiljei armãneascã cu agiutorlu di Rumãnie shi puterle externi, nai ma multu Austro-Ungãrie shi Imperia Ghermanã, Armãnjlji apruchearã ãndrepturi s-au biseritsi shi cama multu autonomii tu sculiile-a lor.[8][9][5] Di ispetea-a importantsãljei di pricunushceare, dzua sã-nsimneadzã pi 22 di Mai.[8][9]
On the Aromanian National Day of 2002, the Romanian state secretary Doru Vasile Ionescu announced through a statement at the University of Bucharest that Romania would start supporting again the Aromanian communities of Albania, Bulgaria and North Macedonia.
Pi Dzua natsionalã-a Armãnjlor tu anlu 2002, Secretarlu di stat ali Romãnie Doru Vasile Ionescu dzãtsea tu Univerzitatea di Bucureshlji cã Rumãnia iara va s-ahurheascã cu sustsãnire-a ljei ti Armãnjlji tu Arbinishie, Vurgãrie shi Machedonie di Nord.
This message read by him was from the Romanian Prime Minister Adrian Năstase.
Aistã ira dimãndare tsi nãs u-ghivãsea tu numa al Premierlu ali Romãnie Adrian Nãsase.
However, when asked about why did the message not include the Aromanians of Greece, Ionescu did not answer the question.
Ma, cãndu lu-ntribara cãtse nu-lji dzãtsea shi Armãnjlji dit Gãrtsie, Ionescu nu apãndisi.
This is assumed to represent the desire of the Romanian authorities not to intervene again in the so-called Aromanian question,[1] which had provoked a hostile struggle for influence over the Aromanians by Romania and Greece between the end of the 19th and the start of the 20th centuries.[2]
Cu-atsea s-mindueashce cã autoritãtslor ali Romãnie nu vor s-misticheascã tu ashi-dzãsã Ãntribare-armãneascã,[1] cu tsi ahurhi polimlu ti influentsã pisti Armãnjlji dit parte ali Rumãnie shi Gãrtsie tu sone-a etãljei XIX shi ahurhitã a etãljei XX.[2]
According to the historian Nikola Minov, the recognition of the Ullah Millet was a diplomatic defeat for Greece, which is why pro-Greek Aromanians refuse to celebrate a day that symbolizes a defeat for their perceived "motherland".
Dupu istoriceanlu Nicola Minov, pricunushceare-a Miletiljei armãneascã ira un amintatic contra-a Gãrtsiiljei, ti-tsi Armtnjlji cai s-tsãn cu Gretslji nu vor s-u iurtuseascã, cã atsea ira unã anichisire pisti "patrida-a lor".
Another reason may be the fact that the Ullah Millet was established by a Turkish Ottoman Sultan, causing his word to not be widely accepted or respected due to the bad relations between Greece and Turkey.[1]
Nica unã itie easte cã Miletea-armãneascã ira fundatã di parte-a Sultanlui otoman, ti-tsi nu lj-u apruchearã zborlu-a lui di ispete-a relatsiilor arãle anamisa di Gãrtsie shi Turchie.[1]
In North Macedonia however, the holiday is known as the "National Day of the Vlachs" (Macedonian: Национален ден на Власите, romanized: Nacionalen den na Vlasite) and it has been congratulated by officials such as the former Macedonian Prime Minister Nikola Gruevski[1] or the current President of North Macedonia Stevo Pendarovski.[2] In fact, it is an official public holiday in North Macedonia since 2007 and a non-working day for Macedonian citizens of Aromanian ethnicity according to a 2007 law issued by the Ministry of Labour and Social Policy of North Macedonia.[10][4][5]
Tu Republica Machedonia di Nord, dzua sã-nsimneadzã ca "Dzua nationalã-a Armãnjlor" (pi machiduneashce: Национален ден на Власите, tu litere latine: Natsionalen den na Vlasite) shi-a Armãnjlor pitreacã urãri pi ex. ex-Premierlu machedonescu Nicola Gruevschi[1] shi Prezidentu ali Machedonie di Nord Stevo Pendarovschi.[2] Di anlu 2007 aistã dzuã easte iurtie ofitsialã tu Machedonie di Nord shi Armãnjlji tsi bãneadzã tu Machedonie di Nord sãntu liberi di lucru dupu nomlu inshit di la Ministeriatlu ti Lucru shi Politicã Sotsiala ali Machedonie di Nord.[3][4][5]
See also
Vedz shi
There are several names of the Aromanians used throughout the Balkans, both autonyms (like armân) and exonyms (like Vlach).
Are ãndao nume ti Armãnjlji tsi s-ufilizeascã pi Balcanlu, cai sãntu autonome (ca Armãn) shi exonime (ca Vlah).
Macedo-Romanian
Machedo-Romãn
Macedo-Romanian (macedo-român, derived from "Macedonia" and "Romanian") is a form created by the modern linguists and ethnologists in analogy with the other Balkan Romance languages: Daco-Romanian (or proper Romanian) in Dacia, Istro-Romanian in Istria and Megleno-Romanian in Meglena.
Machedo-Romãn (macedo-român, tsi yine di "Machedonia" shi "Rumãn") easte forma adratã di linvgishtsãlji shi etnolodzlji moderni ca analoghie cu alantile limbe romanitse a Balcanlui: daco-rumãneascã (icã limba rumãneascã) tu Dacia, Istroromãneascã dit Istria, Meglenitã dit Meglenia.
Although quite often used, it is a rather improper form, as the Aromanians can be found all across the Balkans, not only in Macedonia.
Sh-pi ningã atsea tsi s-ufilizeashce multu, forma easte niuidisitã cã Armãnjlji bãneadzã pit Balcanlu tut, sh-nu mash Machidunia.
Macedonian
Machedon
One of the traditional names of Aromanians in the geographical region of Macedonia was Macedonians.
Una di numile traditsionale a Armãnjlor tu reghionlu di Machidunie ira Machedonji.
It is widespread in Romania.[2]
Multu s-ufilizeashce tu Rumãnie.[1]
Another name used to refer to the Aromanians (mainly in the Slavic countries such as Serbia and Bulgaria is tsintsar (цинцар) and in Hungary cincár) derived from the way the Aromanians pronounce /tʃe/ and /tʃi/ as /tse/ and /tsi/.
Nica unã numã ti Armãnjlji tsi s-ufilizeashce nai ma multu tu vãsiliile slavonitsi ca Sãrghia shi Vurgaria easte tsintsar sh-tu Ungaria cincár tsi yine di-atsea cã Armãnjlji lji-dzãc sonurle ce /tʃe/ shi ci /tʃi/ ca tse /tse/ shi tsi /tsi/.
However, there is also a theory that says that the term is derived from the way the Aromanians say the word 'five': tsintsi, this being according to some from the fifth Roman legion which settled in Balkans at the end of their service.
Ala, are nica unã teorie tsi dzãtse cã aistã numã yine di-atsea cum Armãnlji u-dzãc numirlu 5 /tsintsi/, tsi are zãrtsinã tu a tsintsilea leghione romaneascã tsi yinirã pi Balcanlu cãndu u-bitisirã slujba tu armatã.
The Albanian variant of this name is "xinxarë" /dzi'ndzarə/.
Varianta arbinisheascã a numãljei easte "xinxarë" /dzi'ndzarə/.
Other names
Alante nume
çoban – "shepherd", a term used by some of the Turks, as well as the Albanians, although Albanians also use "vllah" (derived from "Vlach") and rëmër rëmër, "Roman", an Albanian word derived from "Romanus".
cioban – "picurar", numa tsi u-uflizeascã vãrã di Turtsãlji, cãcum sh-di Arbineshlji, ma cama multu s-ufilizeascã "vllah" shi rëmër rëmër, "Roman", zbor arbinishescu tsi yine di "Romanus".
References
Fãntãnji
↑ Koukoudes, Asterios I. (2001). Οι Βεργιάνοι Βλάχοι και οι Αρβανιτόβλάχοι της Κεντρικής Μακεδονίας. Studies on the Vlachs (in Greek).
↑ ↑ Unirea Basarabiei şi a Bucovinei cu România 1917–1918.
Vol. 4.
Documente.
Zitros Publications. p. 32. ↑ Unirea Basarabiei şi a Bucovinei cu România 1917–1918. Documente. Antologie de Ion Calafeteanu şi Viorica-Pompilia Moisuc, Chişinău, 1995, pp. 151–154, Harea, Vasile.
Antologie de Ion Calafeteanu şi Viorica-Pompilia Moisuc, Chişinău, 1995, pp. 151–154, Harea, Vasile.
Aromanian
Armãn
Bibliography
Bibliografia
Trifon, N. (2005) "The Aromanians, a people on the move[permanent dead link]".
Trifon, N. (2005) "The Aromanians, a people on the move ".
The names armân/arumân, just as român/rumân (Romanian), derive directly from Latin Romanus ("Roman") through regular sound changes (see Name of Romania).
Numile Armãn/Arumãn, idhyea ca român/rumân (Rumãn, Mucãn icã Vãlãhut), yin direct di la latinica Romanus ("Roman") tsi s-apruche dupu alãxerli di limba.
Adding "a" in front of certain words that begin with a consonant is a regular feature of the Aromanian language.
Un di caracteristichile a limbãljei armãneascã easte cã di ninte-a zborlor di zãrtsinã latinicheascã s-bagã "a" (tsi s-dzãtse a-protetic).
In Greece variants include arumâni and armâni.
Tu Gãrtsie s-ufilizeascã arumãni shi armãni.
An older form of "rumân", was still found in the 19th century, in folk songs in Greece.
Unã formã cama veacljã di "rumãn", s-aflã tu seculu XIX tu cãntitsle populare di Gãrtsie.
In Albania, the most common form is rămăńi, with occasional forms rumăńi and romăńi.
Tu Arbinishie, nai ma multu s-ufilizeascã forma rrãmãnji, shi cãtivãrãoarã shi formile rumãnji shi romãnji.