Banknotes
Biyete
The Netherlands Antillean guilder (Dutch: gulden) is the currency of Curaçao and Sint Maarten, which until 2010 formed the Netherlands Antilles along with Bonaire, Saba, and Sint Eustatius.
E Florin Antiano (hulandes: heldu) ta e moneda di Kòrsou i Sint Maarten, ku te ku 2010 a forma e pais Antias Hulandes, huntu ku Boneiru, Saba i Sint Eustatius.
It is subdivided into 100 cents (Dutch plural form: centen).
E ta supdividí den 100 'cent' (hulandes forma plural: centen).
The guilder was replaced by the US dollar on 1 January 2011 on Bonaire, Saba and Sint Eustatius.[1] On Curaçao and Sint Maarten, the Netherlands Antillean guilder is planned to be replaced by the newly created[1] Caribbean guilder.[2]
Desde 1 di januari 2011 e florin a keda remplasa pa e Dollar Merikano na Boneiru, Saba i Sint Eustatius.[1] Na Kòrsou i Sint Maarten, e florin antiyano a keda propone pa wòrdu sustituí pa e resien krea[1] Florin Karibense.[2]
In 1986, Aruba gained a status aparte and thereby left the Netherlands Antilles.
Na 1986, Aruba a haña su status aparte i a bandona Antias.
Shortly after that, Aruba began to issue its own currency, the Aruban florin, which replaced the Netherlands Antillean guilder at par.
Poko despues di esaki, Aruba a kuminsa saka su propio moneda, florin Arubiano, kual a remplasa e florin Antiyano kual tabata reina na e tempu ei.
In 1892, the Curaçaosche Bank introduced notes in denominations of 25 and 50 cents, 1 and 2 1⁄2 guilders.
Na 1892, Banko Kurasoleño a introdusi biyete nan den denominashon di 25 i 50 cent, 1 i 2 1⁄2 florin.
This was the only issue of the cent denominations.
Esaki tabata e úniko temporada ku a saka cent na biyete.
Notes for 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 250 and 500 guilders followed in 1900.
Biyete nan di 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 250 i 500 florin a sigui na 1900.
The 1 and 2 1⁄2 guilder notes were suspended after 1920 but reintroduced by the government in 1942 as muntbiljet.
Biyete nan di 1 i 2 1⁄2 florin a keda suspende despues di 1920, pero a wòrdu re-introdusi pa gobiernu na 1942 bou di e nòmber di muntbiljet.
From 1954, the name "Nederlandse Antillen" appeared on the reverse of the notes of the Curaçaosche Bank and, from 1955, the muntbiljet ( 2 1⁄2 guilders only) was issued in the name of the Nederlandse Antillen.
Desde 1954, e nòmber di "Nederlandse Antillen" a kuminsa aparesé riba parti patras di e biyete di Banko Kurasoleño, i, for di 1955, e muntbiljet (spesifikamente esun di 2 1⁄2 florin) tabata wòrdu saká bou di e nòmber di Nederlandse Antillen.
In 1962, the bank's name was changed to the Bank van de Nederlandse Antillen.
Na 1962, e banko su nòmber a keda kambia pa kambia na e Banko di Antias Hulandes.
Starting in 1969, notes dated 28 AUGUSTUS 1967 began to be introduced.
Na 1969, biyete nan ku fecha di 28 di OUGUSTUS 1967, a keda introdusi.
The front of these notes all feature the Statuut monument at front left instead of the allegorical seated woman found on the preceding issues, and on the back there is a new coat of arms.[4] In 1970, a final issue of muntbiljet was made in denominations of both 1 and 2 1⁄2 guilders.
E parti dilanti di e biyete nan aki ta ilustra e monumento di Statut na parti lenks na lugá di e di e muher sintá topa den e biyete nan anterior i riba e parti patras por mira ilustrashon di un eskudo di arma nobo.[4] Na 1970, a saka ultimo e muntbiljet den denominashon di 1 i 2 1⁄2 florin.
The 500 guilder note was not issued after 1962.
Produkshon di e biyete di 500 florin a keda deskontinua na 1962.
The 10 guilder bill is illustrated with a kolibrie.
Biyete di 10 florin ku ilustrashon di un kolibrí.
Security features include a surface foil tag, an embedded hologram under the hummingbird, and an orange moiré pattern contrasting with the green bill.
Karakterístika nan di seguridat ta inklui un 'surface foil tag, un 'hologram' bou di e kolibrí i un 'moiré pattern' oraño ku por mira den kontrast ku e bèrdè di e biyete.
The 25 guilder bill is illustrated with a flamingo.
E biyete di 25 florin tin ilustrashon di un flamingo.
Security features include a surface foil tag, an embedded hologram under the flamingo, and a green moiré pattern contrasting with the pink bill.
Karakterístika nan di seguridat ta inklui un 'surface foil tag, un 'hologram' bou di e flamingo i un 'moiré pattern' bèrdè ku por mira den kontrast ku e ros di e biyete.
The 50 guilder bill has an andes mus on the face.
E 50 florin di e proyekto di lei tin un cordia di mas di e karu.
Security features include a surface foil tag, an embedded hologram under the mus, and a green moiré pattern contrasting with the orange bill.
Karakterístika riba include un base di plachi di etiqueta, un mede programa bou di mas, i un bèrdè more di contact ku e orañe proyekto di lei.
The 100 guilder bill has a suikerdiefje on the face.
E 100 florin pa mil tin un suikerdiefje na karu.
Security features include a surface foil tag, an embedded hologram under the suikerdiefje, and a green moiré pattern contrasting with the brown bill.
Karakterístika riba include un base di plachi di etiqueta, un mede programa bou di e suikerdiefje, i un bèrdè more contact ku e maron proyekto di lei.
Economy of the Netherlands Antilles Central banks and currencies of the Caribbean
Ekonomia di Antias Hulandes Banko nan sentral i moneda nan den Karibe
Naming
Origen di nòmber
History
Historia
In Papiamentu, the local language of Aruba, Bonaire and Curaçao, the guilder is called a "florin".[3] The ISO-4217 code, ANG, is derived from ANtilliaanse Gulden, while the currency symbol, NAFl, is derived from Netherlands Antilles Florin.
Na Papiamentu, e idioma ofisial di Aruba, Boneiru i Kòrsou, ta yama e florin antiano simplemente 'florin'[3] E ISO-4217 code, ANG, ta derivá for di ANtilliaanse Gulden, mientras ku e signo di e moneda, NAFl, ta derivá for di Netherlands Antilles Florin.
In the 18th century, the Dutch guilder circulated in the Netherlands Antilles.
Den siglo 18, e Florin Hulandes tabata sirkula den Antias Hulandes.
This was supplemented in 1794 by an issue of coins specific for the Dutch holdings in the West Indies.
Esaki a keda suplementa na 1794 pa un moneda krea spesifiko pa e kolonia nan Hulandes den India Oksidental.
At this time, the guilder was subdivided into 20 stuiver.
Na e momentu ei, e florin tabata wòrdu subdividi den 20 stuiver.
Between 1799 and 1828, the reaal circulated on the islands, with 1 reaal = 6 stuiver or 3 1⁄3 reaal = 1 guilder.
Entre 1799 and 1828, e reaal tabata sirkula entre e isla nan, kaminda 1 reaal = 6 stuiver òf 3 1⁄3 reaal = 1 florin.
The Dutch guilder was reintroduced in 1828, now subdivided into 100 cents.
E florin Hulandes a keda re-introdusí na 1828, awor subdividi den 100 cent.
When currency began once more to be issued specifically for use in the Netherlands Antilles, it was issued in the name of Curaçao, with the first banknotes and coins, denominated in the Dutch currency, introduced in 1892 and 1900, respectively.
Na momentu ku moneda nan a kuminsa wòrdu saka mas spesifikamente pa uzo den Antias, e tabata wòrdu saká bou di nòmber di Kòrsou, kaminda ku e prome biyete i munt nan, denomina den moneda Hulandes, a keda introdusi na 1892 i 1900, respektivamente.
The name "Netherlands Antilles" (Nederlandse Antillen) was introduced in 1952.
E nòmber Antias Hulandes a keda introdusi na 1952.
In 1940, following the German occupation of the Netherlands, the link to the Dutch currency was broken, with a peg to the U.S. dollar of 1.88585 guilders = 1 dollar established.
Na 1940, despues di e okupashon Aleman di hulanda, e konekshon ku e moneda Hulandes a keda kibrá i a introdusi un konekshon ku e Dollar Merikano kaminda ku 1.88585 florn = 1 dollar.
The peg was adjusted to 1.79 guilders = 1 dollar in 1971.
E konekshon a keda adapta na 1,79 florin = 1 dollar na 1971.
Since then it has been updated to 1.77 guilders = 1 dollar but unsure of the date.
Atraves di tempu esaki a keda adapta na 1.77 florin = 1 dollar.
San Francisco, CA: www.BanknoteNews.com.
San Francisco, CA: www.BanknoteNews.com. http://www.banknotebook.com.
Netherlands Antillean guilder
Florin Antiano
BBC News.
BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7810846.stm.
BBC, 2009 ↑ Cahan, David, ed. (2003).
BBC, 2009 ↑ Cahan, David, ed (2003).
Detroit: Wayne State UP, 1989. ↑ Cropsey; Strauss (eds.).
Detroit: Wayne State UP, 1989. ↑ Cropsey, ed.
History of Political Philosophy (3rd ed.). p. 209. ↑ Nikoletseas, Michael M. (2014).
History of Political Philosophy (3rd ed.). pp. 209. ↑ Nikoletseas, Michael M. (2014).
Cambridge.org. doi:10.2277/0521854814.
Cambridge.org. doi:10.2277/0521854814. http://www.cambridge.org/gb/knowledge/isbn/item1173067/?site_locale=en_GB.
12. ↑ Rosser, Sue V. Breaking into the Lab: Engineering Progress for Women in Science.
12. ↑ Rosser, Sue V.. Breaking into the Lab: Engineering Progress for Women in Science.
December 3, 1988. Retrieved November 4, 2016. ↑ "-- No Title --".
December 3, 1988. http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/december/3/newsid_2519000/2519451.stm. Retrieved November 4, 2016. ↑ "-- No Title --".
The New York Times.
The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/18/books/review/political-science.html.
The Guardian. London. ↑ "Barry Stroud on Scepticism". philosophy bites.
The Guardian (London). https://www.theguardian.com/science/2005/sep/01/schools.research. ↑ "Barry Stroud on Scepticism". philosophy bites.
Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.[1][2] Evolutionary processes give rise to biodiversity at every level of biological organisation, including the levels of species, individual organisms, and molecules.[3]
Evolushon ta kambio den e karakterístikanan hereditario di populashonnan biológiko durante di generashonnan susesivo.[1][2] Prosesonan evolushonario ta kausa biodiversidat den tur nivel di organisashon biológiko, inkluyendo nivelnan di espesienan, organismonan individual, i molekülnan.[3]
All life on Earth shares a common ancestor known as the last universal common ancestor (LUCA),[4][5][6] which lived approximately 3.5–3.8 billion years ago,[7] although a study in 2015 found "remains of biotic life" from 4.1 billion years ago in ancient rocks in Western Australia.[8][9] In July 2016, scientists reported identifying a set of 355 genes from the LUCA of all organisms living on Earth.[10]
Tur bida riba Tera ta komparti un antepasado komun konosí komo e último antepasado komun universal (UAKU),[4][5][6] , ku a biba aproksimadamente 3.5-3.8 bion aña,[7] aunke un estudio den e aña 2015 a haña "restunan dia bida biótika" di 4.1 bion aña den piedranan ansiano den Australia Oksidental.[8][9] Na yüli 2016, sientífikonan a reportá identifikashon di un sèt di 355 genenan for di e UAKU di tur organismonan bibu Tera.[10]