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Fridrik Thordarson (1928 – 2 October 2005) was an Icelandic linguist.
Фридрик Тордарсон (1928 – 2 октябры 2005) уыдис исландиаг лингвист æмæ Ослойы университеты профессор.

Thordarson was born in Iceland, and studied Classical philology in Oslo.
Тордарсон райгуырдис Исландийы, ахуыр кодта классикон филологи Ослойы.

In 1963 he took exams with Latin as his major and Greek and Indian philology as his minors.
1965-æм азы амонæны бар райста æмæ ахуыр кæнын райдыдта латинаг, бердзенаг æмæ индиаг æвзагтæ. 1994-æм азы профессоры титул систа.

From 1965 onwards he taught classical philology as a lecturer and he became professor in 1994.
Классикон æвзагты йедтæмæ Тордарсон ахуыр кодта Кавказы æвзагтæ, сæйрагдæр гуырдзиæг æмæ ирон æвзаг, æмæ уыцы æвзагтыл зындгонд эксперт систа.

He worked for most of his life in Norway.
Йæ къухæй мыхуырмæ ацыд ирон æвзаджы грамматикæ англисаг æвзагыл.

Sergei M. Guriev (Russian: Серге́й Маратович Гуриев, Ossetian: Гуриаты Мараты фырт Серго) is a Russian economist. He is a professor of economics at the Instituts d'études politiques (Sciences Po) in Paris.
Гуыриаты Мараты фырт Сергей у ирон равзæрды зындгонд уæрæсейæг экономист, ахуыргонд, экономикон зонæдты доктор æмæ физико-математикон зонæдты кандидат.

He was a Morgan Stanley Professor of Economics and a Rector at the New Economic School (NES) in Moscow until he resigned on 30 April 2013 and fled to France.[1] He joined NES in 1998 focusing on research and teaching and became a full-time permanent faculty member in 1999. He became the school's Rector in 2004.
2004-æм азæй 2013-æм азмæ уыдис Уæрæсейы экономикон школæйы ректор. 2013-æм азы, йæ офисы джигулы фæстæ, алыгъдис Францмæ.

He was also teaching graduate courses in economics of development, microeconomic theory and contract theory.
2015-æм азæй у Европæйæг реконструкцийы æмæ тынгады банчы сæйраг экономист.

Nicolaus Copernicus (/koʊˈpɜːrnɪkəs, kə-/;[1][2][3] Polish: Mikołaj Kopernik [miˈkɔwaj kɔˈpɛrɲik] ( listen); German: Nikolaus Kopernikus; 19 February 1473 – 24 May 1543) was a Renaissance mathematician and astronomer who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than the Earth at the center of the universe.[lower-alpha 1] The publication of this model in his book De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres) just before his death in 1543 is considered[by whom?] a major event in the history of science, triggering the Copernican Revolution and making an important contribution to the Scientific Revolution.
Николай Коперник (полæг: Mikołaj Kopernik; немыцаг:: Nikolaus Kopernikus; 1473-æм азы 19 февралы – 1543-æм азы 24 майы) уыдис Ренессансы дуджы математик æмæ анстроном, чи ахæм гелиоцентрион дунейы модель сарæзта, кæм дун-дунейы центры уыдис Зæхх нæ, фæлæ Хур. Ацы моделы мыхуыргонд йæ чиныг De revolutionibus orbium coelestium-ы у зонады историйы сæйраг цаутæй иу, фыццаг зонадон революци кæй фæрцы равзæрдис, ахæм.

Copernicus was born and died in Royal Prussia, a region that had been a part of the Kingdom of Poland since 1466. He was a polyglot and polymath who obtained a doctorate in canon law and also practiced as a physician, classics scholar, translator, governor, diplomat, and economist.
Коперник райгуырдис æмæ амардис къаролады Пруссийы, кæцы уыдис Польшайы къаролады хай 1466-æм азæй.

Like the rest of his family, he was a third-order Dominican.[5] In 1517 he derived a quantity theory of money – a key concept in economics – and in 1519 he formulated a version of what later became known as Gresham's law.[6]
Уыдис полиглот æмæ полимат, кæцы систа каноникон барады докторад æмæ уыдта физик, антикон рæстæджы иртæсаг, тæлмацгæнæг, дипломат æмæ экономист.

Geoffrey Chaucer (/ˈtʃɔːsər/; c. 1343 – 25 October 1400), known as the Father of English literature,[1] is widely considered the greatest English poet of the Middle Ages.
Джефри Чосер (1343 – 25 October 1400), зындгонд куыд „Англисаг литературæйы фыд“[1], у Астæузаманы ахсджиагдæр англисаг поэттæй иу.

He was the first poet to be buried in Poets' Corner of Westminster Abbey.
Вестминстер Аббатады мидæг цы Поэтты къуым ис, уым фыццаг баныгæд поэт уыдис Чосер.

English
Æвзаг

Chaucer is sometimes considered the source of the English vernacular tradition. His achievement for the language can be seen as part of a general historical trend towards the creation of a vernacular literature, after the example of Dante, in many parts of Europe.
Чосеры тыххæй фæдзурынц, уый, дам, англисагау фыссыны традицийы бындурæвæрæг у.

A parallel trend in Chaucer's own lifetime was underway in Scotland through the work of his slightly earlier contemporary, John Barbour, and was likely to have been even more general, as is evidenced by the example of the Pearl Poet in the north of England.
Кæй зæгъын æй хъæуы, уый уыдис ног литературон æвзæгтæ сфæлдисыны иумæйаг тендецийы мидæг — Дантейы дæнцæджы фæдыл.

Hans Christian Andersen (/ˈændərsən/; Danish: [hanˀs ˈkʁæsdjan ˈɑnɐsn̩] ( listen); 2 April 1805 – 4 August 1875) was a Danish author.
Ганс Христиан Андерсен (1805 азы 2 апрелы – 1875 азы 4 августы) уыдис даниаг фыссæг.

Although a prolific writer of plays, travelogues, novels and poems, Andersen is best remembered for his fairy tales.
Кæд фыста ма пьесæтæ, бæлцты афыстытæ, новеллæтæ æмæ æмдзæвгæтæ, Андерсен фылдæр зындгонд у йе ’ргъæутты фæрцы.

Andersen's popularity is not limited to children: his stories express themes that transcend age and nationality.
Андерсены сфæлдыстад канд сывæллæттæ нæ уарзынц, фæлæ ма алы кары адæймæгтæ дæр дуней бирæ бæстæты.

Travelogues
Бæлцытæй хабæрттæ

In 1851, he published to wide acclaim In Sweden, a volume of travel sketches.
1851-æм азы рухс федта Андесены бæлцы чиныг «Швецийы».

A keen traveller, Andersen published several other long travelogues: Shadow Pictures of a Journey to the Harz, Swiss Saxony, etc. etc. in the Summer of 1831, A Poet's Bazaar, In Spain and A Visit to Portugal in 1866.
Фæстæдæр ныффыста цалдæр иннæ бæлцы чиныджы дæр: Австри, Швейцари, Испани æмæ Португалийы тыххæй.

(The last describes his visit with his Portuguese friends Jorge and Jose O'Neill, who were his fellows in the mid-1820s while living in Copenhagen.) In his travelogues, Andersen took heed of some of the contemporary conventions about travel writing, but always developed the genre to suit his own purposes. Each of his travelogues combines documentary and descriptive accounts of the sights he saw with more philosophical passages on topics such as being an author, immortality, and the nature of fiction in the literary travel report.
Иуæй-иу бæлцы чингуыты мидæг дæр бакодта бынæттон æргъæуттæ.

Andersen's fairy tales, of which no fewer than 3381 works[1] have been translated into more than 125 languages,[2] have become culturally embedded in the West's collective consciousness, readily accessible to children, but presenting lessons of virtue and resilience in the face of adversity for mature readers as well.[3] Some of his most famous fairy tales include "The Emperor's New Clothes", "The Little Mermaid", "The Nightingale", "The Snow Queen", "The Ugly Duckling", "The Little Match Girl", "Thumbelina", and many others.
Æдæппæт Андерсены æргъæуттæ сты æппынкъаддæр 3381[1], уыдонæй иуæй-иутæ тæлмацгонд æрцыдысты 125 æвзагæн,[2] æмæ систы бирæ нациты иумæйаг зонды хай. Æппæты зындгонддæр æргъæутты ’хсæн сты «Къаролы ног дзаумæттæ», «Чысыл доны чызг», «Митын æхсин», «Фыдуынд бабызы цъиу» æмæ ма æндæртæ.

His stories have inspired ballets, plays, and animated and live-action films.[4] One of Copenhagen's widest and busiest boulevards is named "H.C. Andersens Boulevard".[5]
Сæ сюжеттæм гæсгæ æвæрд цæуынц спектакльтæ, балеттæ æмæ кинонывтæ дæр.[4]

Postage stamp, Kazakhstan, 2005
2005-æм азы посты маркæ Хъазахстанæй

Andersen's childhood home in Odense
Андерсен йæ сабибонтæ кæм арвыста, уыцы хæдзар Оденсейы

Ibn Battuta (or Ibn Baṭūṭah) (/ˌɪbənbætˈtuːtɑː/; Arabic: محمد ابن بطوطة‎; fully ʾAbū ʿAbd al-Lāh Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Lāh l-Lawātī ṭ-Ṭanǧī ibn Baṭūṭah; Arabic: أبو عبد الله محمد بن عبد الله اللواتي الطنجي بن بطوطة) (February 25, 1304 – 1368 or 1369) was a Berber Muslim Moroccan scholar and explorer who widely travelled the medieval world.[1][2] Over a period of thirty years, Ibn Battuta visited most of the Islamic world and many non-Muslim lands, including North Africa, the Horn of Africa, West Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia and China.
Абу ‘Абдуллах Муха́ммад ибн ‘Абдулла́х ат-Танджи́, фылдæр зындгонд куыд Ибн Батту́тæ (Arabic: محمد ابن بطوطة‎; æппæтæй أبو عبد الله محمد بن عبد الله اللواتي الطنجي بن بطوطة) (February 25, 1304 – 1368 or 1369) уыдис бербераг пысылмон ахуыргонд æмæ иртасæг.

Near the end of his life, he dictated an account of his journeys, titled A Gift to Those Who Contemplate the Wonders of Cities and the Marvels of Travelling (تحفة النظار في غرائب الأمصار وعجائب الأسفار, Tuḥfat an-Nuẓẓār fī Gharāʾib al-Amṣār wa ʿAjāʾib al-Asfār),[3] usually simply referred to as The Travels (الرحلة, Rihla).[4] This account of his journeys provides a picture of medieval civilizations that is still widely consulted today.
Дæс æмæ ссæдз азы дæргъы Ибн Баттутæ федта пысылмон дунейы фылдæр хай (суанг ма дард африкæйаг султааттæ), æмæ бирæ æндæр бæстæты дæр, уыдоны ’хсæн Африкæйы Сыкъа, Ныгуылæн Африкæ, Астæуккаг Хурыскæсæн, Центрон Ази æмæ Китай. Цы балцафыстытæ ныууагъта, уыдон ныр дæр сты Астæузаманы тыххæй ахсджиаг ратæдзæнтæ.

Koca Mi'mâr Sinân Âğâ (Ottoman Turkish: معمار سينان‎, "Sinan Agha the Grand Architect"; Modern Turkish: Mimar Sinan, pronounced [miːˈmaːɾ siˈnan], "Sinan the Architect") (c. 1488/1490 – July 17, 1588) was the chief Ottoman architect (Turkish: mimar) and civil engineer for Sultans Suleiman the Magnificent, Selim II, and Murad III.
Коджа Мимар Синан Агъа кæнæ цыбырæй Синан (райгуырдис 1488/1490 – амардис 1588 азы 17 июлы) у зындгонддæр осмайнаг архитектор (Turkish: mimar) æмæ инженер, куыста Сулейман Кануни, Селим II æмæ Мурад III сулнтантæм.

He was responsible for the construction of more than 300 major structures and other more modest projects, such as schools.
Уый сарæзта 300 ахсджиаг амæддзæгæй фылдæр, стæй бирæ чысылдæр хæдзæрттæ (скъолатæ æмæ а. д.).

His apprentices would later design the Sultan Ahmed Mosque in Istanbul, Stari Most in Mostar, and help design the Taj Mahal in the Mughal Empire.
Йæ ахуыргæнинæгтæ сарæзтой фæстæдæр Султан Ахмеды мæзджыт Стамбулы, Стары-Мост Мостары æмæ ма æндæр бирæ амæддзæгтæ.

Sinan's major works Şehzade Mosque - Istanbul Şehzade Mosque interior Süleymaniye Mosque - Istanbul Süleymaniye Mosque interior Selimiye mosque - Edirne
Синаны сæйрагдæр куыстытæ Шехзадейы Мæзджыт (Стамбул) Шехзадейы Мæзджыт мидæгæй Мæзджыт Сулейманийе (Стамбул) Мæзджыт Селимийе (Эдирне)

His masterpiece is the Selimiye Mosque in Edirne, although his most famous work is the Suleiman Mosque in Istanbul.
Синаны сæйраг шедевр у Мæзджыт Селимийе Эдирнейы, кæд æмæ Сулейманы Мæзджытæй зындгонддæр у (уый тыххæй æмæ ацы мæзджыт Стамбулы и).

He headed an extensive governmental department and trained many assistants who, in turn, distinguished themselves, including Sedefkar Mehmed Agha, architect of the Sultan Ahmed Mosque. He is considered the greatest architect of the classical period of Ottoman architecture and has been compared to Michelangelo, his contemporary in the West.[3][4] Michelangelo and his plans for St. Peter's Basilica in Rome were well known in Istanbul, since Leonardo da Vinci and he had been invited, in 1502 and 1505 respectively, by the Sublime Porte to submit plans for a bridge spanning the Golden Horn.[5] Mimar Sinan's works are among the most influential buildings in history.[6]
Мимар Синаны куыстытæ стыр тæваг дардтой архитектурæйы историмæ[4].