Because unfixed hydrogen has a low molecular mass, it can achieve escape velocity more readily and it leaks into outer space at a greater rate than other gases.[168] The leakage of hydrogen into space contributes to the shifting of Earth's atmosphere and surface from an initially reducing state to its current oxidizing one. Photosynthesis provided a source of free oxygen, but the loss of reducing agents such as hydrogen is thought to have been a necessary precondition for the widespread accumulation of oxygen in the atmosphere.[169] Hence the ability of hydrogen to escape from the atmosphere may have influenced the nature of life that developed on Earth.[170] In the current, oxygen-rich atmosphere most hydrogen is converted into water before it has an opportunity to escape. Instead, most of the hydrogen loss comes from the destruction of methane in the upper atmosphere.[171]
Notes
leakage of the atmosphere into space
Retrieved 17 July 2015. ↑ Due to natural fluctuations, ambiguities surrounding ice shelves, and mapping conventions for vertical datums, exact values for land and ocean coverage are not meaningful. Based on data from the Vector Map and Global Landcover datasets, extreme values for coverage of lakes and streams are 0.6% and 1.0% of Earth's surface. The ice shields of Antarctica and Greenland are counted as land, even though much of the rock that supports them lies below sea level. ↑ Particularly as the setting for human civilization and experience.[24] ↑ From the name of the Greek earth goddess, but now particularly used for the global ecosystem.[25] ↑ The number of solar days is one less than the number of sidereal days because the orbital motion of Earth around the Sun causes one additional revolution of the planet about its axis. ↑ Including eorþe, erþe, erde, and erthe.[46] ↑ As in Beowulf (1531–33): Wearp ða wundelmæl wrættum gebunden yrre oretta, þæt hit on eorðan læg, stið ond stylecg.[46][47] "He threw the artfully-wound sword so that it lay upon the earth, firm and sharp-edged."[47] ↑ As in the Old English glosses of the Lindisfarne Gospels (Luke 13:7): Succidite ergo illam ut quid etiam terram occupat: hrendas uel scearfað forðon ðailca uel hia to huon uutedlice eorðo gionetað uel gemerras.[46] "Remove it.
Earth's biosphere is thought to have begun evolving about 3.5 Gya.[77] The biosphere is divided into a number of biomes, inhabited by broadly similar plants and animals. On land, biomes are separated primarily by differences in latitude, height above sea level and humidity. Terrestrial biomes lying within the Arctic or Antarctic Circles, at high altitudes or in extremely arid areas are relatively barren of plant and animal life; species diversity reaches a peak in humid lowlands at equatorial latitudes.[199]
References
evolving
Bibcode:2000M&PS...35.1309M. doi:10.1111/j.1945-5100.2000.tb01518.x. ↑ Guinan, E. F.; Ribas, I. Benjamin Montesinos, Alvaro Gimenez and Edward F. Guinan, ed. Our Changing Sun: The Role of Solar Nuclear Evolution and Magnetic Activity on Earth's Atmosphere and Climate. ASP Conference Proceedings: The Evolving Sun and its Influence on Planetary Environments.
[1]
.i pu za lo nanca be li 4pi54 ji'i gei 9 co'a ko'a zasti .i lo se carna be ko'a cu salpo lo julra'o be li 23pi4 lo kukru be lo plita be lo ve srumu'u be fo ko'a .i la lunra noi selte'i lo ka vitno ku lo rarna mluni be ko'a cu gasnu lo nu xasyctaru .e lo nu lo se carna be ko'a stodi lo salpo kei ku .e lo nu ko'a toltce jdika lo cnampetu
Earth
pilno:KSFT/tsautu be me'e zo terdi
A computer program is a collection of instructions[1] that performs a specific task when executed by a computer. A computer requires programs to function and typically executes the program's instructions in a central processing unit.[2]
lo ka samselpla cu te ciste fi lo minde sinxa poi tigni lo ka steci selgu'a
Computer program
selsampla
Layal Abboud (Arabic: ليال عبود, pronounced [laj'ja:l ʕab'bu:d]; born 15 May 1982) is a Lebanese pop singer, folk music entertainer, sound-lyric poet, concert dancer, fit model, Muslim humanitarian and businesswoman.[1][2][3]
Layal Abboud (Arabic: ليال عبود, pronounced [laj'ja:l ʕab'bu:d]; jbena 15 e'apei nanca) sy lo Lebanese pop sanga i folk zgike entertainer i sound-lyric terpemci kei lo nu zgike tigni dansu i lasna model i Muslim humanitarian gi'e businesswoman .[1][2][3]
Layal Abboud
Lajal Abboud
Denis Noble CBE FRS FRCP FMedSci (born 16 November 1936) is a British biologist who held the Burdon Sanderson Chair of Cardiovascular Physiology at the University of Oxford from 1984 to 2004 and was appointed Professor Emeritus and co-Director of Computational Physiology. He is one of the pioneers of Systems Biology and developed the first viable mathematical model of the working heart in 1960.[4][5][6][7][8]
i la .denys.nobl. (to zoi gy. Denis Noble .gy .i jebna li dy16 ly11 ny1936 toi) goi ko'a cu brito mivyskepre .i ko'a .brdyn.sandrsyn. jatna lo blufleci'e mivru'eske di'o lo balcu'e be la .aksfrd. co'a li ny1984 co'u li ny2004 .i ko'a menre lo cfagau be lo kajymivyske gi'e ca lo ny1960 cu finti lo pamoi be lo conka cmacytermonsi'o be lo risna
Noble was educated at Emanuel School and University College London (UCL).[1][4] In 1958 he began his investigations into the mechanisms of heartbeat.
.i fo ko'a pu selctu la .emanuel. ckule .e la'o gy.
This led to two seminal papers in Nature in 1960[9][10] giving the first proper simulation of the heart. From this work it became clear that there was not a single oscillator which controlled heartbeat, but rather this was an emergent property of the feedback loops in the various channels. In 1961 he obtained his PhD working under the supervision of Otto Hutter at UCL.[11][12]
University College London .gy[1][4] .i co'a li ny1958 ko'a lanli lo risnynunsli ja'e re vajni se skekarni be la .neitcr. bei ca li ny1960[9][10] .i facki lo du'u lo risnynunsli cu na pa slilu gi'e nalcmikemselka In 1961 he obtained his PhD working under the supervision of Otto Hutter at UCL.[11][12]
Denis Noble
pilno:KSFT/.denys.nobl.
Education
lo nunselctu
History
ni'o ni'o ni'o sei casnu be lo citri
Unix (/ˈjuːnɪks/; trademarked as UNIX) is a family of multitasking, multiuser computer operating systems that derive from the original AT&T Unix, development starting in the 1970s at the Bell Labs research center by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and others.[3]
ni'o la .uniks. no'u la'o gy. Unix .gy. noi fukyzifpo'e se cmene zoi gy. UNIX .gy. girzu lo ka kakne tu'a za'u pa lo skami pruce je za'u pa lo sampli kei lo samcmu poi se krasi le .uniks. pe la me .abu ty. joibu ty. ku ku goi ko'a .i ca'e lo te go'i cu .uniks. .i ko'a ca'o se favgau ca li pa so ze no'o la .ken. .tampsn. je la .denis. .ritci. je lo drata va le lanli stuzi pe la .bel. .labz.[1]
Standards
ni'o ni'o ni'o sei casnu be lo mrecmu
Components
ni'o ni'o ni'o sei casnu be lo te ciste
Initially intended for use inside the Bell System, AT&T licensed Unix to outside parties in the late 1970s, leading to a variety of both academic and commercial Unix variants from vendors including University of California, Berkeley (BSD), Microsoft (Xenix), IBM (AIX), and Sun Microsystems (Solaris). In the early 1990s, AT&T sold its rights in Unix to Novell, which then sold its Unix business to the Santa Cruz Operation (SCO) in 1995.[4] The UNIX trademark passed to The Open Group, a neutral industry consortium, which allows the use of the mark for certified operating systems that comply with the Single UNIX Specification (SUS). As of 2014, the Unix version with the largest installed base is Apple's macOS.[citation needed]
ni'o la .bel. .sistym. .ai dai cu pilno ko'a ca le krasi .i ku'i la me .abu ty. joibu ty. ba za curmi lo nu lo na cmima be by sy. cu pilno lo .uniks. .i le nu go'i cu rinka so'o nu finti lo lanli ja se vecnu mupli be fi lo .uniks. .i mu'a la .iuniversitis. .yv. .kaliforniias. .berklis. fa'u la .maikrosaft. fa'u la me .ibu by my. ku fa'u la .syn. .maikrosistyms. pu finti la me by sy dy. ku fa'u la .ziniks. fa'u la me .abu .ibu xy. ku fa'u la .solaris. .i la me .abu ty. joibu ty. ca li pa so so no'o vecnu le nu fukyzifpo'e la .uniks. kei la .novel. .i ny. vecnu le cuntu be ny. be'o pe la .uniks. la .santas. .kruz. .apyreicyn. ca li pa so so mu .i dunda le nu fukyzifpo'e kei la .open. .grup. noi nutli girzu je cu curmi lo nu pilno lo se fukyzifpo'e kei lo nu lo samcmu cu jvamapti la .singl. .uniks. .spesifikeicyn. .i ba'o li re no pa vo la .mak. samcmu ne la .apl. cu traji lo ni pilno kei fo lo .uniks.
Impact
ni'o ni'o ni'o sei casnu be lo se rinka
Unix systems are characterized by a modular design that is sometimes called the "Unix philosophy". This concept entails that the operating system provides a set of simple tools that each performs a limited, well-defined function,[5] with a unified filesystem (the Unix filesystem) as the main means of communication,[2] and a shell scripting and command language (the Unix shell) to combine the tools to perform complex workflows. Unix distinguishes itself from its predecessors as the first portable operating system: almost the entire operating system is written in the C programming language, thus allowing Unix to reach numerous platforms.[6]
ni'o lo .uniks. cu ckaji lo ka lo tarmi cu se fendi po'u le .uniks. tadji .i .ubu ty. se smuni lo du'u lo samcmu cu sabji loi sampla be fi pa sampu je xamgu bo se ciksi be'o noi na'o simxu benji fu pa datnyvei ciste to no'u le .uniks. datnyvei ciste toi je noi ka'e se gumgau te zu'e lo nu sazri fi lo pluja kei se pi'o pa minde bangu no'u le .uniks. .cel. .i le .uniks. cu drata lo lidne be ri lo du'u pa moi lo samcmu be ka'e za'u lo skami klesi .i lo nu la me cy. ca'a samplabau fi pi ji'i ro .ubu cu rinka lo nu le .uniks. cu samcmu za'u skami klesi ka'e
Free Unix and Unix-like variants
ni'o ni'o sei casnu be lo zifre .uniks. je lo .uniks. simsa
Overview
ni'o ni'o ni'o sei tordu skicu
ARPANET
ni'o ni'o sei casnu be la .arpanet.
Branding
ni'o ni'o ni'o sei casnu be lo nu fukyzifpo'e
Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.
ni'o la .apl. no'u la'o gy.
The company's hardware products include the iPhone smartphone, the iPad tablet computer, the Mac personal computer, the iPod portable media player, the Apple Watch smartwatch, the Apple TV digital media player, and the HomePod smart speaker. Apple's software includes the macOS and iOS operating systems, the iTunes media player, the Safari web browser, and the iLife and iWork creativity and productivity suites, as well as professional applications like Final Cut Pro, Logic Pro, and Xcode. Its online services include the iTunes Store, the iOS App Store and Mac App Store, Apple Music, and iCloud.
Apple Inc. .gy. merko ke sornai ke zbaske kagni je cu platu je favgau je vecnu lo dikca cabra je lo samtci je lo kibro te selfu .i le ralju stuzi po .abu zvati la .kupertinos. pe la .kaliforniias. .i le .abu cabra cu se mupli la .aifon. noi fonskami je la .aipad. poi ta'orskami je la .mak. noi skami je la .aipad. poi se bevri ka'e fu'i ve ganvi je la .apl. .uatc. noi junla skami je la .apl. .tivis. noi skami ve ganvi je la .hompad. noi mencre pe'a selsnapra .i le .abu samtci cu se mupli la .mako'es. je la .aio'es. vu'o noi samcmu je la .aituns. noi ve ganvi je la .syfaris. noi kibyca'o je la .ailaif. noi finti gunma je la .aiuyrk. noi gunka gunma je so'o lo certu samtci noi se mupli la .fainl. .kyt. .pros. je la .ladjik. .pros. je la .ekskod. .i le .abu kibro te selfu cu se mupli la .aituns. zarci je la .aio'es. samtci zarci je la .mak. samtci zarci je la .apl. zgike je la .aiklaud.
"Lolita" is his private nickname for Dolores. The novel was originally written in English and first published in Paris in 1955 by Olympia Press. Later it was translated into Russian by Nabokov himself and published in New York City in 1967 by Phaedra Publishers.
.i la lolita cu cukta noi ca li ny 1995 ku se finti la'o zoi Vladimir Nabokov zoi noi merko je se ra'i rusko