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Legacy
𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌹

Early life
𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌰 𐌻𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃

Joseph Wright FBA (31 October 1855 – 27 February 1930)[1] was an English philologist who rose from humble origins to become Professor of Comparative Philology at Oxford University.
𐌹𐍉𐍃𐌴𐍆 𐍅𐍂𐌰𐌾𐍄 (•𐌻𐌰• 𐌰𐌿𐌺𐍄𐍉𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂 •𐌰𐍉𐌽𐌴´• - •𐌺𐌶• 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 •𐌰𐍊𐌻´•) 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍃 𐍃𐌰𐌴𐌹 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌸 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍉𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌰𐍄 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍃𐌰𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌰𐌹 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌹.

Wright was an important early influence on J. R. R. Tolkien, and was one of his tutors at Oxford: studying the Grammar of the Gothic Language with Wright seems to have been a turning-point in Tolkien's life.[8] Writing to his son Michael in 1963, J. R. R. Tolkien reflected on his time studying with Wright thus: "Years before I had rejected as disgusting cynicism by an old vulgarian the words of warning given me by old Joseph Wright. ‘What do you take Oxford for, lad?’ ‘A university, a place of learning.’
𐍅𐍂𐌰𐌾𐍄 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐍅𐌿𐌻𐌸𐍂𐌰𐌹𐍃 𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐍃𐌿𐌼𐍃 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌴 𐌰𐍄 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍃𐌰𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽 Grammar of the Gothic Language (𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌺𐌰 𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉𐍃 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍉𐍃) 𐍃𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐍅𐍂𐌰𐌾𐍄 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌻𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹. 𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌿 𐌹𐌽 •𐌰𐍊𐌾𐌲´•, 𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌽 𐌼𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌰 𐌱𐌹 𐌹𐍃 𐌼𐌴𐌻 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐍅𐍂𐌰𐌾𐍄 𐍃𐍅𐌰: "𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰 𐌾𐌴𐍂𐌰𐌼 𐌹𐌺 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌹𐌺 𐍃𐍅𐌰 𐍃𐌼𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌺𐍅𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌼𐌿 𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌹𐍃 𐍃𐌼𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐍃𐌹𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌰 𐍈𐍉𐍄𐍉𐍃 𐌰𐍄𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼 𐌹𐍉𐍃𐌴𐍆 𐍅𐍂𐌰𐌾𐍄. '𐍈𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌸𐌿𐍃 𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍃𐌰𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳, 𐌼𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌿?' '𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌷𐌰 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌰, 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌸𐍃 𐌳𐌿 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽.' '𐌽𐌴, 𐌼𐌰𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌿, 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌸𐍃! 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍈𐌰 𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌹𐌸? 𐌹𐌺 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰 𐌸𐌿𐍃. 𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌹𐌸 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌿. 𐌼𐌹𐍄𐍉 𐌱𐌹 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍃 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐍈𐌰 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌹𐌸 𐌷𐌴𐍂.' 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐍅𐌰! 𐌹𐌽 •𐌰𐍊𐌻𐌴´• 𐌹𐌺 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌰 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌰𐌻𐌻 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌾𐌴𐌹𐌽.' 𐌹𐌽𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌱𐍉𐌺𐍉𐍃, 𐍅𐍂𐌰𐌾𐍄 𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌸𐍉𐌼𐌹𐌽 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽.

Claremont (/ˈklɛərmɒnt/) is a city on the eastern edge of Los Angeles County, California, United States, 30.3 miles (48.8 km) east of downtown Los Angeles. It is in the Pomona Valley, at the foothills of the San Gabriel Mountains, and has a population, as of the 2015 United States Census estimate, of 36,283 people.
𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌼𐍉𐌽𐍄 (/ˈklɛərmɒnt/) 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌹𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹.

Claremont, California
𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌼𐍉𐌽𐍄, 𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌹𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐌾𐌰

See also
𐍃𐌰𐌹𐍈 𐌾𐌰𐌷

Groups
𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐍉𐍃

Notes and references
𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌰𐌽𐍃

The East Germanic languages, also called Oder-Vistula Germanic languages, are a group of extinct Germanic languages of the Indo-European language family spoken by East Germanic peoples.
𐌸𐍉𐍃 𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽𐍃 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍉𐍃 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌳 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍉𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐍃 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍉𐍃 𐍂𐍉𐌳𐌹𐌸𐍉𐍃 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼 𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐍉𐌼.

The only East Germanic languages of which texts are known are Gothic and its dialect, Crimean Gothic. Other languages that are assumed to be East Germanic include Vandalic and Burgundian, though very few texts in these languages are known. Crimean Gothic, the last remaining East Germanic language, is believed to have survived until the 18th century in isolated areas of Crimea.
𐌸𐍉𐍃 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌷𐍉𐌽𐍃 𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽𐍃 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍉𐍃 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐍉𐌴𐌹 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌽𐌿𐌼 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐍃 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌳 𐌲𐌿𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌺𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰. 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐍉𐍃 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍉𐍃 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌳 𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌱𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰. 𐍆𐌰𐍅𐍉𐍃 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌸𐌰𐌿𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐍃 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐍉 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍉 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌳. 𐌺𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌲𐌿𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰, 𐍃𐍉 𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌿𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍉 𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰, 𐍂𐍉𐌳𐌹𐌸𐌰 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐌿𐌽𐌳 𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 𐌾𐌴𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌺𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰.

Territories inhabited by East Germanic tribes, between 100 BC and AD 300.
𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 𐌹𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌴𐌹 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐍃 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐍉𐍃 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌴𐌹 𐌾𐌴𐍂𐌰 100 BC 𐌾𐌰𐌷 AD 300.

Europe in 476 AD with Germanic kingdoms and tribes distributed throughout Europe.
𐌰𐌹𐍅𐍂𐍉𐍀𐌰 𐌹𐌽 476 AD 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌾𐍉𐌼 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐍉𐌼.

Based on accounts by Jordanes, Procopius, Paul the Deacon and others; linguistic evidence (see Gothic language); placename evidence; and archaeological evidence, it is believed that the East Germanic tribes, the speakers of the East Germanic languages related to the North Germanic tribes, had migrated from Scandinavia into the area lying east of the Elbe.[5] In fact, the Scandinavian influence on Pomerania and northern Poland from period III onwards was so considerable that this region is sometimes included in the Nordic Bronze Age culture (Dabrowski 1989:73).
𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂 𐌹𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌾𐌰, 𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐍃 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐍉𐍃 𐌱𐌹𐌻𐌹𐌸𐌿𐌽 𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌹.

Possible East Germanic-speaking tribes include:
𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐍃 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐍉𐍃:

Bastarnae Burgundians Goths Thervingi Greuthungi Visigoths Ostrogoths Crimean Goths Gepids Heruli Lemovii Lugii Buri Diduni Harii Helisii Helveconae Manimi Nahanarvali Rugians Scirii Vandals Hasdingi Silingi Vidivarii
𐌱𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌴𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌻𐍉𐍃 𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌺𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃

East Germanic strong verb Germanic verb Ingvaeonic languages Irminonic languages Istvaeonic languages North Germanic languages West Germanic languages Balto-Slavic languages
𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐍃 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍉𐍃 𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐍃 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍉𐍃

East Germanic languages
𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐍃 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍉𐍃

Map of the Roman Empire under Hadrian (ruled 117–138), showing the then homeland of the Angles (Anglii) on the Jutland peninsula in today's Germany and Denmark
𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍉𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹 (117-138) 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼𐍉𐌸𐌻𐌾𐌰 𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌴 (Anglii) 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌾𐌿𐍄𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 𐌹𐌽 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹.

The Angles (Latin: Angli) were one of the main Germanic peoples who settled in Great Britain in the post-Roman period. They founded several of the kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England, and their name is the root of the name England. The name comes from Anglia, a peninsula located on the Baltic shore of what is now Schleswig-Holstein.
𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌹𐌻𐍉𐍃 (𐌻𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌽𐍃𐌺𐌰: Angli) 𐍅𐌴𐍃𐌿𐌽 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐍉 𐌼𐌹𐌺𐌹𐌻𐍉𐌽𐍉 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌽𐍉 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐍉. 𐌹𐌽 𐌼𐌹𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌹 𐌱𐍂𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌼𐍂𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌾𐍉𐍃.

It is thought to derive from the name of the area they originally inhabited, the Anglia Peninsula (Angeln in modern German, Angel in Danish). This name has been hypothesised to originate from the Germanic root for "narrow" (compare German and Dutch eng = "narrow"), meaning "the Narrow [Water]", i.e. the Schlei estuary; the root would be angh, "tight". Another theory is that the name meant "hook", as in angling for fish; Indo-European linguist Julius Pokorny derives it from *ang-, "bend" (see ankle).[1]
𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰 𐌽𐌰𐌼𐍉 𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌴 𐌰𐌿𐍆𐍄𐍉 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌹𐌸 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐌻𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌽𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰𐌹 𐍃𐍅𐌴 Anglii.

Angles
𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌹𐌻𐍉𐍃

"Beelzebub and them that are with him shoot arrows" from John Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress (1678)
𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌶𐌰𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌻 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌴𐌹𐍃 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐌰𐍂𐍈𐌰𐌶𐌽𐍉𐍃 (1678)

Beelzebub or Beelzebul (/biːˈɛlzɪbʌb/ bee-EL-zi-bub or /ˈbiːlzɪbʌb/ BEEL-zi-bub; Hebrew: בַּעַל זְבוּב‬ Baʿal Zəvûv) is a name derived from a Philistine god, formerly worshipped in Ekron, and later adopted by some Abrahamic religions as a major demon. The name Beelzebub is associated with the Canaanite god Baal.
𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌶𐌰𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌻 (𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰: בַּעַל זְבוּב‬ Baʿal Zəvûv) 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐍃𐌿𐌼𐍃 𐌲𐌿𐌸𐍃 𐍃𐌰𐌴𐌹 𐌱𐌻𐍉𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌰𐌺𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌽𐌰. 𐌹𐌽 𐍃𐌿𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌼 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌹𐍃 𐍃𐌺𐍉𐌷𐍃𐌻.

In theological sources, predominately Christian, Beelzebub is sometimes another name for the Devil, similar to Satan. He is known in demonology as one of the seven princes of Hell. The Dictionnaire Infernal describes Beelzebub as a being capable of flying, known as the "Lord of the Flyers", or the "Lord of the Flies".
𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌶𐌰𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌻 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐌽𐌸𐌰𐍂 𐌽𐌰𐌼𐍉 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂 𐍃𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽. 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 𐍃𐍅𐌴 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐍃𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌽 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌾𐍉𐍃. 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂 Dictionnaire Infernal 𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌿 "𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌱𐍉𐌺𐍉𐍃 𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌾𐍉𐍃", 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌶𐌰𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌻 𐌼𐌰𐌲 𐍆𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌿𐍆𐍄𐌰 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌳𐌰 "𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐍆𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌴".

Beelzebub
𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌶𐌰𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌻

Canaan (/ˈkeɪnən/; Northwest Semitic: knaʿn; Phoenician: 𐤊𐤍𐤏𐤍 Kenā‘an; Hebrew: כְּנָעַן‬ Kənā‘an) was a Semitic-speaking region in the Ancient Near East during the late 2nd millennium BC. The name Canaan occurs commonly in the Bible, where it corresponds to the Levant, in particular to the areas of the Southern Levant that provide the main setting of the narrative of the Bible: i.e., the area of Phoenicia, Philistia, Israel and other nations.
𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽 (/ˈkeɪnən/; 𐍆𐌴𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰: 𐤊𐤍𐤏𐤍 Kenā‘an; 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰: כְּנָעַן‬ Kənā‘an) 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰 𐌼𐌹𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌴𐌹 𐌰𐌽𐌸𐌰𐍂 𐌾𐌴𐍂𐌰𐍄𐌿𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌹 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰 𐍇𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿.

Canaan
𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽

A cynocephalus. From the Nuremberg Chronicle (1493).
𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌸𐍃 (1493).

The characteristic of cynocephaly, or cynocephalus (/saɪnoʊˈsɛfəli/), having the head of a dog—or of a jackal—is a widely attested mythical phenomenon existing in many different forms and contexts. The literal meaning of "cynocephaly" is "dog-headed"; however, that this refers to a human body with a dog head is implied. Often, such creatures also have human intelligence.
𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌸𐍃 𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌿 𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌿𐍃𐌴𐍆𐌴𐌻𐌹, 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌸𐍃, 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰 𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌴𐌹 𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌸𐍃 𐌹𐍃𐍄. 𐌿𐍆𐍄𐌰 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍉𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌴𐌹𐍃 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍄𐌰 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌹. 𐌱𐌹 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐌱𐍉𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌾𐍉𐍃 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼 𐌰𐌻𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌰𐌹𐌲𐌹𐍀𐍄𐌰𐌿, 𐌺𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌺𐌹𐌽𐌰.

Cynocephaly
𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌸𐍃

Mary[lower-alpha 3] was a 1st-century BC Galilean Jewish[2] woman of Nazareth, and the mother of Jesus, according to the New Testament and the Quran.
𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌰𐌼 𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌿 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌰 (𐌺𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰: Μαριάμ) 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰 𐌵𐌹𐌽𐍉 𐌿𐍃 𐌽𐌰𐌶𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍃𐍉 𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌴𐌹 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌴𐌻𐌾𐍉𐌼 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌺𐍉𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌽. 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐌱𐌹𐌽 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌹𐍉𐍃𐌴𐌱𐌰.

The gospels of Matthew and Luke in the New Testament and the Quran describe Mary as a virgin;[3] according to Christian teaching she conceived Jesus while a virgin, through the Holy Spirit. The miraculous conception took place when she was already betrothed to Joseph.[4] She accompanied Joseph to Bethlehem, where Jesus was born.[5]
𐌸𐍉𐍃 𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌴𐌻𐌾𐍉𐌽𐍃 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷 𐌼𐌰𐍄𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌿 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌺𐍉𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌽 𐌲𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐌴𐌹 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌰𐌼 𐌼𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌸𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐌱𐌹𐌸𐌴 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐍂. 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂 𐍇𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐍂 𐍃𐌹 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷 𐌰𐌷𐌼𐌰𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌽. 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐌽 𐌱𐌴𐌸𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐍉𐌴𐌱𐌰, 𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿𐍃.

Pontius Pilate (/ˈpɒnʃəs ˈpaɪlət, -tʃəs, -tiəs/;[2][3][4] Latin: Pontius Pilatus; Greek: Πόντιος Πιλάτος, Pontios Pilatos) was the fifth prefect of the Roman province of Judaea, serving under Emperor Tiberius from AD 26/27 to 36/37.[1][5] In Christian tradition, he is known for adjudicating on the trial and crucifixion of Jesus.
𐍀𐌰𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌹𐌿𐍃 𐍀𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰𐍄𐌿𐍃 (𐌻𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰: Pontius Pilatus; 𐌺𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰: Πόντιος Πιλάτος) 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍉𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰 𐌺𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌰 𐌹𐌽 𐌾𐌴𐍂𐌰 𐍆𐌹𐌼𐍆𐍄𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐍃𐌰𐌿𐍃 𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐌰𐌿𐍃 𐌺𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌰𐍂𐌹𐍃.[4][5] 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌴𐌻𐌾𐍉𐌼 𐌹𐍃 𐌿𐍃𐌷𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿 𐍇𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌿.

The Gospel According to Matthew (Greek: Εὐαγγέλιον κατὰ Μαθθαῖον, translit. Euangélion katà Maththaîon;[1] also called the Gospel of Matthew or simply, Matthew) is the first book of the New Testament and one of the three synoptic gospels. It tells how the Messiah, Jesus, rejected by Israel, finally sends the disciples to preach the gospel to the whole world.[2] Most scholars believe it was composed between AD 80 and 90, with a range of possibility between AD 70 to 110 (a pre-70 date remains a minority view).[3][4] The anonymous author was probably a male Jew, standing on the margin between traditional and non-traditional Jewish values, and familiar with technical legal aspects of scripture being debated in his time.[5] Writing in a polished Semitic "synagogue Greek", he drew on three main sources: the Gospel of Mark, the hypothetical collection of sayings known as the Q source, and material unique to his own community, called the M source or "Special Matthew".[6][7]
𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌴𐌻𐌾𐍉 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷 𐌼𐌰𐍄𐌸𐌹𐌰𐌿 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌸 (𐌺𐍂𐌴𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰: Εὐαγγέλιον κατὰ Μαθθαῖον) 𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌿 𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌴𐌻𐌾𐍉 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷 𐌼𐌰𐍄𐌸𐌹𐌰𐌿 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐍃𐍉 𐍆𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍉 𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌴𐌻𐌾𐍉. 𐍃𐍀𐌹𐌻𐌻𐍉𐌸 𐌻𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌽 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿𐌹𐍃 𐍇𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍃, 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼 𐌹𐍃𐍂𐌰𐌴𐌻𐌰 𐌿𐍃𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍀𐌿𐌽𐍃, 𐍃𐌰𐌴𐌹 𐌹𐌽𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐍃𐌹𐍀𐍉𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌿𐌽𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳 𐌳𐌿 𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌴𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽. 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌸 80-90 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂 𐍇𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌿. 𐍃𐌰 𐌱𐍉𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐌰𐌿𐍆𐍄𐍉 𐌿𐌽𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌿𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌽𐌹 𐌼𐌰𐍄𐌸𐌹𐌰𐌿𐍃 𐌰𐍀𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌿𐍃 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿𐌹𐍃 𐍇𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍃.

James Tissot – The Lord's Prayer (Le Pater Noster) – Brooklyn Museum
𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿𐍃 𐍇𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌿𐍃 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐍃𐌹𐍀𐍉𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐌿𐌽𐌾𐌰

The Lord's Prayer (also called the Our Father or Pater Noster) is a venerated Christian prayer which, according to the New Testament, Jesus taught as the way to pray:
𐌰𐍄𐍄𐌰 𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌰𐍂 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌷𐌰 𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐍃𐌴𐌹 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌹𐌲𐌲𐌴𐌻𐌾𐍉𐌼 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌸 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿𐌰 𐍇𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿.

Pray then in this way ... (Matthew 6:9 NRSV) When you pray, say ... (Luke 11:2 NRSV)
𐍃𐍅𐌰 𐌽𐌿 𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌸 𐌾𐌿𐍃...(𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌴𐌻𐌾𐍉 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷 𐌼𐌰𐍄𐌸𐌹𐌰𐌿 6:9)

Two versions of this prayer are recorded in the gospels: a longer form within the Sermon on the Mount in the Gospel of Matthew, and a shorter form in the Gospel of Luke when "one of his disciples said to him, 'Lord, teach us to pray, as John taught his disciples.'"[1] Lutheran theologian Harold Buls suggested that both were original, the Matthaen version spoken by Jesus early in his ministry in Galilee, and the Lucan version one year later, "very likely in Judea".[2]
𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌳 𐍄𐍅𐍉𐍃 𐌱𐌹𐌳𐍉𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌴𐌻𐌾𐍉𐌼: 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌴𐌻𐌾𐍉𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷 𐌼𐌰𐍄𐌸𐌹𐌰𐌿 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌴𐌻𐌾𐍉𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷 𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽. 𐌹𐌸 𐍃𐍉 𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌴𐌻𐌾𐍉𐌽 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷 𐌻𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 𐌽𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌰.

Text
𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰

The Lord's Prayer in Gregorian chant Pater Noster The Lord's Prayer in Latin sung in Gregorian chant
𐌰𐍄𐍄𐌰 𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌰𐍂 𐌸𐌿 𐌹̈𐌽 𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌼 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌷𐌽𐌰𐌹 𐌽𐌰𐌼𐍉 𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽 𐌵𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌹 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌹𐌽𐌰𐍃𐍃𐌿𐍃 𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌹 𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌾𐌰 𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐍃𐍅𐌴 𐌹̈𐌽 𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌹 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆 𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌽 𐌲𐌹𐍆 𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌷𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐍆𐌻𐌴𐍄 𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐍃𐌺𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐍃𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌴 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍃 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐍃𐌺𐌿𐌻𐌰𐌼 𐌿𐌽𐍃𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌽𐌹 𐌱𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍃 𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌹̈𐌽 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌿𐌱𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹 𐌰𐌺 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌴𐌹 𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌰𐍆 𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌻𐌹𐌽 𐌿𐌽𐍄𐌴 𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌹̈𐍃𐍄 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐌹 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌼𐌰𐌷𐍄𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌿𐌻𐌸𐌿𐍃 𐌹̈𐌽 𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌽.

Abraham,[lower-alpha 1] originally Abram,[lower-alpha 2] is the common patriarch of the three Abrahamic religions.[1] In Judaism, he is the founding father of the Covenant, the special relationship between the Jewish people and God; in Christianity, he is the prototype of all believers, Jewish or Gentile; and in Islam he is seen as a link in the chain of prophets that begins with Adam and culminates in Muhammad.[2]
𐌰𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌼, 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐌹𐍃 𐌰𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌼, 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌰𐍄𐍄𐌰 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌸𐍂𐌹𐌾𐍉 𐌰𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌼𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌶𐍉 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉. 𐌹𐌽 𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌰𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌼 𐍃𐌰 𐌰𐍄𐍄𐌰 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐍄𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌲𐌿𐌳𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌹; 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌼 𐍇𐍂𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍃 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌰𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌼 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌹𐍃; 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌹𐌽 𐌹𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐌰𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌼 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐍀𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍆𐌴𐍄𐌴, 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌼𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌿𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌷 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌼𐌿𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌼𐌼𐌰𐌳.

The Kingdom maintained independence from the Eastern Roman or Byzantine Empire, the attempts of which to re-establish Roman authority in Hispania were only partially successful and short-lived. The Visigoths were romanized central Europeans who had moved west from the Danube Valley.[5] The Visigoths became Foederati of Rome, and wanted to restore the Roman order against the hordes of Vandals, Alans and Suebi. The Western Roman Empire fell in 476 AD; therefore, the Visigoths believed they had the right to take the territories that Rome had promised in Hispania in exchange for restoring the Roman order.[6]
𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹 𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌿 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌴 (𐌻𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰: Regnum Gothorum) 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌸 𐌰𐍄 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌼 𐌹𐌽 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌺𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌳𐌰 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌷𐌴𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼 𐍆𐌹𐍆𐍄𐌹𐌼 𐌾𐌴𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌰 𐌿𐌽𐌳 𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌿𐌳𐌹𐌽 𐌾𐌴𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳. 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐌰𐌹𐌽 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌾𐌴 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍂 𐌳𐌰𐌿𐌸𐌰𐌿 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍉𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌹𐍃 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹𐍃. 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌰 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐍆𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌻, 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐌸𐌰𐌿𐌷 𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍉𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌹 𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌳𐌰 𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌿𐍆𐌽𐌹 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 𐌹𐌽 𐌷𐌴𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹. 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐍅𐌴𐍃𐌿𐌽 𐍆𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌸𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍄𐍉𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍉𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌰, 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌴𐌹 𐍅𐌹𐌻𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌿𐍆𐌽𐌹 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍉𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌹𐍃 𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌾𐌹𐍃 𐌰𐍆𐍄𐍂𐌰 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐍉𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽. 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍉𐍃 𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐌲𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌰𐌽𐌹𐍃𐌼𐌰𐌿. 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌸 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌴, 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌸 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌿𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐍅𐌹𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌹𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐌷𐌴𐌹𐍃𐍀𐌰𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌹.

Subashi Buddhist Temple Ruins - East Area
𐌱𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍃 𐍃𐌿𐌱𐌰𐍃𐌾𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌰𐌻𐌷𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌺𐍉𐍃 - 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌹

Subashi Buddhist Temple Ruins - West Area
𐌱𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌿𐍃 𐍃𐌿𐌱𐌰𐍃𐌾𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌰𐌻𐌷𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌺𐍉𐍃 - 𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐌹𐌽 𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰

The Subashi Temple is a ruined Buddhist temple near Kucha in the Taklamakan Desert, on the ancient Silk Road, in Xinjiang, China. The city was partly excavated by the Japanese archaeologist Count Otani.
𐍃𐍉 𐍃𐌿𐌱𐌰𐍃𐌾𐌴𐌹 𐌰𐌻𐌷𐍃 𐌹𐍃𐍄 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌳is 𐌱𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰 𐌰𐌻𐌷 a 𐌽𐌴𐍈𐌰 𐌺𐌿𐍄𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌹 𐌹𐌽 𐍄𐌰𐌺𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌺𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌿𐌸𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌹, 𐌰𐌽𐌰 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐍅𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌲𐌰, 𐌹𐌽 𐍄𐍃𐌾𐌹𐌽𐌳𐌶𐌴𐌹𐌰𐌲𐌲, 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹.

A sarira, a Buddhist relic box of the 6th-7th century, discovered in Subashi shows Central Asian men in long tunics, reminiscent of other friezes which have been called Tocharian.
𐍃𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍂𐌰, 𐌱𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰 𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍃𐍄𐌿𐌳𐌹𐌽𐍃-𐍃𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌾𐌴𐍂𐌰𐌷𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌹𐍃, 𐌱𐌹𐌲𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐍃𐌿𐌱𐌰𐍃𐌾𐌴𐌹 𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌸 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌿𐌼𐌰-𐌰𐍃𐌾𐍉𐍃 𐌹𐌽 𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌾𐍉𐌼, 𐌲𐌰𐍆𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐍈𐌰 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌽𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰 𐍄𐌿𐍇𐌰𐍂𐍉𐍃.

Central Asian men, detail of Sarira box. Central Asian men, detail of Sarira box.
𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌿𐌼𐌰-𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌾𐍉𐍃 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐍃, 𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃 𐍃𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍂𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌹𐌽𐍃. 𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌿𐌼𐌰-𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌾𐍉𐍃 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐍃, 𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃 𐍃𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍂𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌹𐌽𐍃.

Brian Hugh Warner (born January 5, 1969),[7] known by his stage name Marilyn Manson, is an American singer, songwriter, actor, record producer, visual artist, author, and former music journalist. He is known for his controversial stage personality and image as the lead singer of the band Marilyn Manson, which he co-founded with guitarist Daisy Berkowitz and of which he remains the only constant member. Like the other founding members of the band, his stage name was formed by combining and juxtaposing the names of two American pop cultural icons of the 1960s: actress Marilyn Monroe and criminal Charles Manson.
𐌱𐍂𐌰ï𐌰𐌽 𐌹𐌿𐌷 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍂 (𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌰𐌽𐍃 Ï𐌰𐌽𐌿𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌿𐍃 5, 1969),[1] 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌲𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐍄𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌹𐌽 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌻𐌹𐌽 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌽, 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 𐌰𐌼𐌴𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃, 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌸𐌰𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃, 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍄𐌻𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃, 𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌸𐌰𐍃𐌺𐌰𐍀𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃, 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌾𐌰, 𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌾𐌰 𐌹𐍃𐍄, 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌹𐍃 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍀𐌹𐌻𐌻𐍉𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐍅𐌰𐍃. 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 𐍅𐌹𐌸𐍂𐌰𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌹 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌰𐍅𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐍆𐍂𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌰𐌹 𐍃𐍅𐌰 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍃 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌾𐌹𐍃 𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌹𐌻𐌹𐌽 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌽𐍃, 𐌸𐌰𐍄𐌴𐌹 𐌼𐌹𐌸 𐌺𐌹𐍄𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌳 𐌳𐌴𐍃𐌴𐌹 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌺𐍉𐍅𐌹𐍄𐌶 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌸𐌹𐌶𐌴𐌹 𐌹𐍃 𐍃𐌰 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌷𐌰 𐌸𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷-𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰 𐌱𐌹𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌱𐌹𐌸. 𐍃𐍅𐌰𐍃𐍅𐌴 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐌰𐌽𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹, 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐍅𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌼𐍉 𐌹𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌸 𐍅𐌰𐍃 𐌸𐍉 𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌽𐌰 𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌴𐍈𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌴 𐌰𐌼𐌴𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐍄𐍅𐌰𐌳𐌳𐌾𐌴 𐌾𐌴𐍂𐌰𐌼 1960𐍃

Brian Hugh Warner was born in Canton, Ohio, the only son of Barbara Warner Wyer (died May 13, 2014)[11] and Hugh Angus Warner[12] (died July 7, 2017).[13] He is of English, German, and Irish descent.[14] He has also claimed that his mother's family, who hail from the Appalachian Mountains in West Virginia, have Sioux heritage.[15] As a child, Warner attended his mother's Episcopal church, though his father was a Roman Catholic.[16][17] He attended Heritage Christian School from first to 10th grade.
Brian Hugh Warner was born in Canton, Ohio, the only son of Barbara Warner Wyer (died May 13, 2014)[1] and Hugh Angus Warner[2] (died July 7, 2017).[3] He is of English, German, and Irish descent.[4] He has also claimed that his mother's family, who hail from the Appalachian Mountains in West Virginia, have Sioux heritage.[5] As a child, Warner attended his mother's Episcopal church, though his father was a Roman Catholic.[6][7] He attended Heritage Christian School from first to 10th grade.