League of Legends (LoL) er et multiplayer online battle arena, real-time strategy video spil udviklet og udgivet af Riot Games, til Microsoft Windows[1] og Mac OS X. Spillet er gratis-at-spille, men man kan foretage minitransaktioner. League of Legends er inspireret af spillet af Defense of the Ancients[2].
League of Legends (LoL) is a multiplayer online battle arena, real-time strategy video game developed and published by Riot Games, for Microsoft Windows[1] and Mac OS X. It is a free-to-play game supported by microtransactions and inspired by the mod Defense of the Ancients[2] for the video game Warcraft III: The Frozen Throne.
Cereno Upham Jones (1767–1851) var en landmand, købmand og politisk figur i [[Nova Scotia]].
Cereno Upham Jones (1767–1851) was a farmer, merchant and political figure in Nova Scotia.
Han repræsenterede [[Annapolis County]] i [[Nova Scotia House of Assembly]] fra 1816 til 1818.
He represented Annapolis County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1816 to 1818.
Han blev født i Annapolis County, Nova Scotia, søn af Elisha Jones.
He was born in Annapolis County, Nova Scotia, the son of Elisha Jones.
Han blev valgt til den provinsielle forsamling i et valg i 1816 afholdt efter [[Peleg Wiswall]] blev dommer.
He was elected to the provincial assembly in an 1816 by-election held after Peleg Wiswall was named a judge.
Efter sin fuldførte periode i forsamlingen, arbejdede Jones som dommer for retfærdighed og fred i Court of Common Pleas.
After completing his term in the assembly, Jones served as a justice of the peace and an associate judge in the county's Court of Common Pleas.
Han døde i [[Weymouth]]
He died at Weymouth.
Hans datter Eliza giftede sig med Samuel Campbell, som også arbejdede i den lokale forsamling.
His daughter Eliza married Samuel Campbell, who also served in the provincial assembly.
Hans oldebarn [[Herbert Ladd Jones]] blev også valgt ind i Canadian House of Commons.
His great grandson Herbert Ladd Jones was elected to the Canadian House of Commons.
Calnek, W. A. History of the County of Annapolis, Nova Scotia : Including Old Port Royal & Acadia (1999) (Engelsk)
Calnek, W. A. History of the County of Annapolis, Nova Scotia : Including Old Port Royal & Acadia (1999)
En https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Characature_of_a_Garde_Civique_officer.jpgkarikatur fra 1860'erne af en Garde Civique officer
An 1860s caricature of a Garde Civique officer
Garde Civique eller Burgerwacht (borgervæbning) en Belgisk paramilitær militis, som blev operettet i oktober 1830 kort efter den belgiske revolution.
The Garde Civique or Burgerwacht (English: Civic Guard) was a Belgian paramilitary militia created in October 1830 shortly after the Belgian Revolution.
Garden blev grundlagt ved sammenlægning af forskellige militsgrupper, som var dannet af middelklassen under det anarki, som fulgte revolutionen.
The Garde was founded through the amalgamation of various militia groups created by the middle classes during the anarchy following the revolution.
Den fungerede som et halvmilitært "gendarmeri", med den primære rolle at opretholde den sociale orden i Belgien indtil den blev opløst i 1920.
It acted as a quasi-military "gendarmerie", with the primary role of maintaining social order within Belgium, until its disestablishment in 1920.
Garden var organiseret på lokalt niveau, oprindelig i alle kommuner med over 30.000 indbyggere.
The Garde was organized at a local level, originally in all communes with more than 30,000 inhabitants.
Den bestod af borgere mellem 21 og 50 år, som ikke allerede havde militære forpligtelser som soldater eller reservister.
It was composed of citizens aged between 21 and 50 who did not already have military obligations as serving soldiers or reservists.
De som var mellem 21 og 32 år skulle gennemføre træning ti gange om året, mens den anden klasse - aldersgruppen 33–50 kun skulle opgive deres adresser med faste mellemrum.
Those aged between 21 and 32 were required to undertake training ten times annually, while the second class (aged 33–50) were obliged only to register their addresses at regular intervals.
En tredje klasse bestod af ældre frivillige, som havde hverken udstyr, uniform eller våben, men som forventedes at yde støtte i deres lokale regioner. Garde Civique var i fredstid underlagt indenrigsministeriet, ikke krigsministeriet.[1] Det var adskilt fra det belgiske gendarmeri (Rijkswacht), som var en del af hæren.
A third class was composed of older volunteers, who were not equipped, uniformed or armed and were expected only to provide support functions in their local regions. The Garde Civique was, in peacetime, the responsibility of the Ministry of the Interior rather than the Ministry of War.[1] It was distinct from the Belgian Gendarmerie (Rijkswacht) which formed part of the military.
De fleste gardeenheder var infanteri, men der var nogle artilleri og beredne enheder.
Most of the Garde units were infantry but there were some artillery and mounted detachments.
Ved udbruddet af 1. verdenskrig bestod Garde Civique af 33 kompagnier chasseurs-à-pied (let infanteri), 17 artilleribatterier, 4 eskadroner chasseurs-à-cheval (let kavaleri) og 3 kompagnier sapeurs-pompiers (bevæbnede brandmænd).Omkring halvdelen af disse specielle korps var koncentreret i byområderne i Bruxelles, Antwerpen, Gent og Liège, hvilket afspejlede den historiske rolle, som Garden havde som en styrke, der opretholdt ro og orden.[2]
On the eve of World War I the Garde Civique included 33 companies of chasseurs-à-pied (light infantry), 17 batteries of artillery, 4 squadrons of chasseurs-à-cheval (light horse) and 3 companies of sapeurs-pompiers (armed firemen). About half of these special corps were concentrated in the urban areas of Brussels, Antwerp, Ghent and Liège, reflecting the historic role of the Garde as a force to maintain civil order.[2]
Formål og uniform
Purpose and dress
Gardens udtalte mål var at opretholde orden og bevare Belgiens uafhængighed og integritet.[3]
The stated purpose of the Garde was to maintain order and preserve the independence and integrity of Belgium.[3]
Hver regional enhed i Garden havde sin egen mørkeblå eller grønne uniform, som fulgte det generelle mønster i de uniformer, som blev båret af den regulære hær, men med en række variationer.[4] Infanteriet bar en bredskygget hat med kvast, kavaleriet en skind busby og artilleriet en shako.[5] De 40.700 civilgardister, der gjorde tjeneste i den aktive del ("1st Ban") af styrken skulle selv anskaffe deres egne uniformer.[6]
Each regional unit of the Garde had its own dark blue or green uniform, generally following the pattern of those worn by the regular army but with a number of variations.[4] Infantry wore a wide brimmed hat with plume, cavalry a fur busby and artillery a shako.[5] The 40,700 civil guardsmen serving in the active portion ("1st Ban") of the force were required to provide their own uniforms.[6]
Rolle i 1. Verdenskrig I
Role in World War I
Motoriseret personel fra Garden, 1904
Motorised personnel of the Garde, 1904
Garde Civique blev mobiliseret ved den tyske invasion i Belgien den 4. august 1914.
The Garde Civique were mobilised following the German invasion of Belgium on 4 August 1914.
Deres tiltænkte opgaver var at sikre kommunikationslinjer, bevogte broer og andre installationer, eskortere fanger og vedligeholde orden udenfor de egentlige kampområder.
Their intended functions were to secure lines of communication, guard bridges and other installations, escort prisoners and maintain order outside the actual areas of combat.
De tyske militære myndigheder valgte imidlertid at betragte medlemmer af Garden som franc-tireurs (irregulære styrker) og som sådan ikke underlagt underlagt international ret, hvis de blev taget til fange.
The German military authorities however chose to regard members of the Garde as franc-tireurs (irregulars) and, as such, not under the protection of international law if taken prisoner.
Der blev stillet krav om at de skulle afvæbnes og opløses.
Demands were made that they be disarmed and disbanded.
I lyset af tyske nedskydninger af belgiske civile gidsler i den første del af invasionen blev sådanne trusler taget alvorligt, og den 31. oktober 1914 udsendte Kong Albert 1. et dekret om opløsning af Garden.
In view of the German shooting of Belgian civilian hostages during the early stages of the invasion such threats were taken seriously and on 31 October 1914 King Albert I decreed the dissolution of the Garde.
De fleste af dens yngre medlemmer overgik til den regulære belgiske hær.
Most of its younger members transferred to the regular Belgian Army.
Endelige opløsning
Final disbandment
Da han kom ind i det befriede belgiske område i oktober 1918 blev kong Albert efter sigende mødt af en saluterende veteran fra Garde Civique i fuld galla, som havde holdt sit udstyr og riffel gemt under de fire år med tysk besættelse. Sådanne episoder kunne imidlertid ikke undgå det faktum, at garden havde været af begrænset militær betydning, og ikke længere var nødvendig i rollen med at sikre den sociale orden, som havde været dens primære rolle i det 19. århundrede.
Upon entering liberated Belgium territory in October 1918, King Albert was reportedly met by a saluting veteran of the Garde Civique in full-dress uniform who had kept his equipment and rifle hidden during the four years of German occupation.[citation needed] Such incidents could not however avoid the reality that the Garde had proven to be of limited military use and was no longer required for the role of ensuring social order that had been its prime purpose during the 19th century.
Styrken blev derfor formelt opløst i 1920.
The force was accordingly formally disbanded in 1920.
Arum-ordenen (Arales)
Arales
Arum-familien (Araceae)
Araceae
Palme-ordenen (Arecales)
Arecales
Palme-familien (Palmae el. Arecaceae)
Palmae
Ananas-ordenen (Bromeliales)
Bromeliales
Ananas-familien (Bromeliaceae)
Bromeliaceae
Tradescantia-ordenen (Commelinales)
Commelinales
Tradescantia-familien (Commelinaceae)
Commelinaceae
Halvgræs-ordenen (Cyperales)
Cyperales
Halvgræs-familien (Cyperaceae)
Cyperaceae
Græs-familien (Gramineae el. Poaceae)
Gramineae
Lilje-ordenen (Liliales)
Liliales
Natskygge-ordenen (Solanales)
Solanales
Snerle-familien (Convolvulaceae)
Convolvulaceae
Natskygge-familien (Solanaceae)
Solanaceae
Theales (se under Lyng-ordenen)
Theales